Christopher Columbus is the explorer who is credited for discovering America. Of course, there were already people living in America at the time who we call Native Americans. There even was a European, Leif Ericsson, who had been to the Americas before. However, it was Columbus' voyage that started the exploration and colonization of the Americas.
Schools in the United States started integrating in the 1950's as a direct result of the Brown v Board of Education Supreme Court ruling.
West Virginia?
If not the Mississippi river
Blacks were the least group for aid.