Hi! :)
They were in peace negotiations with Japan and weren't expecting it.
Hitler invaded (or tried to) invade Stalingrad because it was a large factorial city near the Caucuses which had large oil fields. Capturing it would be a heavy blow to Soviet morale because Stalingrad was named after Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union.
In England, the doctrine that allowed the courts to hold protective jurisdiction over all children was called parents patriae.
Please, write down in English
