The cataclysm that occurred eventually leading to the moon’s
formation is that the size of the planet mars has hit earth. Cataclysm is being
defined as an event that is considered to be violent and that is likely to be
in a large scale that occurs in the natural world.
The first one is the answer ;)
Glory, Gold, and God, also know as the Three G's. Together, these motivations fostered the Golden Age of Exploration in the New World