First of all, since this is a math question, you should post this in the Mathematics section.
Secondly, call the smaller digit x - clearly, then, the larger digit is x+8. We know x is at least one, and x+8 is at most 9 (since otherwise x+8 would not be a digit). If x is greater than one, x+8 will be ten or more, but x cannot be less than one, so x must be one. As a result, our number has a tens digit of 1+8=9, so the number is 91.
Manacles is another word for shackles. Martin Luther used the words manacles and discrimination to express how segregation and discrimination were restricting to African Americans in his time.
what is your purpose statement(taken from page 5 of your workbook)?
