The Berlin Wall, with its nickname the Iron Curtain, was erected overnight on August 12, 1961 by East Germany in an effort to stop the people from East Germany from defecting to West Germany through West Berlin. The wall was a symbol of division in Europe between the democratic West and the repressive East.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austria- Hungary empire was shot down, along with his wife by an assassins bullet when he was in Bosnia visiting Sarajevo.
