1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
maw [93]
3 years ago
15

(04.04 LC)

Biology
1 answer:
podryga [215]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

A) The production of energy without the presence of oxygen  - Anaerobic respiration

B) The chemical breakdown of a substance  - Fermentation

C) The breakdown of food to create energy in the presence of oxygen  - Aerobic respiration

D) An organic molecule that occurs as an intermediate in many metabolic processes - Pyruvate

Explanation:

A) Anaerobic respiration is a type of cellular energy production that occurs in the absence of oxygen. it is much less efficient than aerobic respiration (see question C). In cellular respiration, cells produce ATP, which is the "currency" of energy in the cell, by breaking down glucose. ATP is required to carry out the normal functions of a cell.

As it is much less efficient than aerobic respiration, it produces much less ATP. However, when there is no oxygen, it is the only choice. An example is when muscle cells are working very hard and use up all the oxygen in the tissue. To keep producing some energy, they undergo anaerobic respiration, which only produces 2 molecules of ATP for every molecule of glucose.

B) In respiration, Fermentation is a pathway of breaking down glucose into chemical energy that occurs in the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic respiration can lead to two types of fermentation, lactic acid fermentation (described above) and ethanol fermentation which is another type of anaerobic respiration in which fungi (such as yeast) break down glucose into ethanol, producing 2 molecules of ATP carbon dioxide as a by-product. This is how we make bread and beer!

C) Aerobic respiration is cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen. It creates a net gain of 36 molecules of ATP, compared to the 2 ATPs created without oxygen. This is because in aerobic respiration, the oxygen acts as a final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain. In its absence the electron transport chain cannot proceed. The electron transport chain is how cells generate most of their chemical energy.

D) Pyruvate is an important molecule in the process of respiration. Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration begin with the same process, glycolysis. Glycolysis is the process by which 1 molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate - a metabolic intermediate. This releases 2 molecules of ATP. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is oxidised and enters the Krebs cycle, which makes a series of compounds that donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which produces extra ATPs through oxidative phosphorylation.

In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted either to lactic acid or ethanol by fermentation

You might be interested in
QUICK : which of the following are products of fermentation? -ethanol and pyruvic acid -ethanol and lactic acid -alcohol and cit
aleksandrvk [35]

Answer:

alcohol and citric acid

6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
A big advantage of sexual reproduction is _________ variability in the offspring.
Lelechka [254]
Genetic is the answer I THINK.
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Classify each label into the correct side in the diagram below
makkiz [27]

Answer: sorry i dont know the answer sorry for that

Explanation:

6 0
2 years ago
A cell is classified as eukaryotic if the cell
svp [43]

A eukaryotic cell is classified this way if it B. contains a nucleus. In biology the definition of eukaryotic is "having a true nucleus" which is how to depict a prokaryotic cell from a eukaryotic cell.

5 0
3 years ago
Read each of the sentences that describe what happens either during mitosis or meiosis. Drag each sentence into the correct box.
kiruha [24]

Answer:

MEIOSIS:

- Each replicated chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome

- Tetrads form and crossing over sometimes occur

- Paired homologous chromosome line up across the center of the cell.

- Four haploid daughter cells form that are not identical to the parent cell

MITOSIS:

- Homologous chromosomes do not pair

- One row of chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.

- The cell nucleus divides only once

- Two diploid daughter cells form that are identical to the parent cell.

Explanation:

Mitosis and Meiosis are the two cellular divisions that occur in living organisms. Mitosis is the kind of cell division that produces two diploid daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell while Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells (gametes) that are genetically different from the parent cell.

Based on the general description of the two cell divisions above, the following events take place in them respectively:

1) MEIOSIS:

- Each replicated chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome (similar but non-identical chromosome from each parent).

- Tetrads form and crossing over sometimes occur. Tetrads are the structures that form when two homologous chromosomes pair while crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segment between two non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. These two only occur during meiosis.

- Paired homologous chromosome line up across the center of the cell during metaphase I of meiosis.

- Four haploid daughter cells form that are not identical to the parent cell. Note that meiosis reduces the chromosomal number of the parent cell by half.

2) MITOSIS:

- Homologous chromosomes do not pair during mitosis.

- One row of replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) line up at the center of the cell during metaphase.

- The cell nucleus divides only once in mitosis as opposed to twice during meiosis.

- Two diploid daughter cells form that are identical to the parent cell. Note that mitosis retains the chromosomal number of the parent cell.

4 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • During independent assortment, ____________ chromosomes separate. This separation is ____________ ; it is due to their alignment
    12·1 answer
  • Which of the following describes an interaction between the endocrine system and the excretory system?
    7·2 answers
  • Is oil or biomass abundant
    11·1 answer
  • The Cenozoic Era follows the end of the _______ period.
    6·2 answers
  • Margarine is a butter substitute that is solid at room temperature. It is made from vegetable oils (often soybean or canola oil)
    6·1 answer
  • 1. Which of the following is know as "the glue" that holds our Solar System and Galaxy together? A- Centripetal Force B-Gravity
    8·1 answer
  • I decided to exercise by running 5 miles. It took me 30 minutes. We can use this information to calculate my
    12·2 answers
  • What canwe do to decrease our disruption of the nitrogen Cycle?
    15·2 answers
  • Whats a lion baby called
    5·1 answer
  • After a short, high-level exposure to a toxicant, you immediately feel dizzy and nauseous. you are likely showing symptoms of:__
    15·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!