Question

In its monthly report, the local animal shelter states that it currently has 24 dogs and 18 cats available for adoption. Eight of the dogs and 6 of the cats are male. Find each of the following conditional probabilities if an animal is selected at random: a) The pet is male, given that it is cat. b) The pet is a cat, given that it is female. c) The pet is female, given that it is a dog.

Answer 1

Answer with Step-by-step explanation:

We are given that

Total dogs=24

Total cats=18

Total animals=24+18=42

Male dogs=8

Male cats=6

Total male animals=8+6=14

Total female animals=42-14=28

Female cats=18-6=12

Dogs female=24-8=16

a.We have to find the probability that the pet is male, given that it is cat.

It means we have to find P(Male/cat)  

Conditional probability: $P(A/B)=\frac{P(A\cap B)}{P(B)}$

P(Cat)=$\frac{18}{42}$

$P(male cat)=\frac{6}{42}$

$P(Male/cat)=\frac{\frac{6}{42}}{\frac{18}{42}}$

P(male/cat)=$\frac{6}{18}=0.33$

b.$P(female cat)=\frac{12}{42}$

$P(female)=\frac{28}{42}$

$P(Cat/Female)=\frac{\frac{12}{42}}{\frac{28}{42}}=\frac{12}{28}=0.43$

c.P(Dog)=$\frac{24}{42}$

$P(dog female)=\frac{16}{42}$

$P(female/dog)=\frac{\frac{16}{42}}{\frac{24}{42}}$

$P(female/dog)=\frac{16}{24}=0.67$