The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states. ... In key places along important trade routes, merchants set up diasporic communities where they introduced their own cultural traditions into the indigenous cultures and, in turn, indigenous cultures influenced merchant cultures.
Answer: racially segregated but ostensibly ensuring equal opportunities to all races.
"the decision terminated the “separate but equal” doctrine that made racially segregated schools legal"
Accommodations provided on each railroad car were required to be the same as those provided on the others. Separate railroad cars could be provided. The railroad could refuse service to passengers who refused to comply, and the Supreme Court ruled this did not infringe upon the 13th and 14th amendments.