B-Passive, withdrawn, and naïve
If the question is asking you all except which, the answer is "people fled the urban centers because they had become too crowded and unsanitary"
The BEST answer is:
d. Gautama believed that he could best help others by giving up his wealth.
While there certainly is truth to answer C (as selected by the other respondent), Siddhartha Gautama's view toward wealth was more than a passive realization that it did not bring happiness. Even more so it was an active view that translated into action, giving up one's wealth to benefit others. He said of wealth, "A kind man who makes good use of wealth is rightly said to possess a great treasure; but the miser who hoards up his riches will have no profit."
Siddhartha Gautama is known as "The Buddha" (the "Enlightened One"). The details about his life history are debated by scholars, but we know the historical personage of Siddhartha Gautama as a teacher in ancient India around the 5th or 6th century BC. Buddhism is patterned after his teachings.
All 13 were needed to pass those.
