I think it’s direct democracy!
a) The Crusaders' daily interactions with Muslims and Eastern Orthodox Christians led the
papacy to adopt an official policy of greater tolerance for diverse religious beliefs and
practices.
Nuclear fear led to a new market for fallout shelters. Home economics classes taught girls how to stock such a shelter with food and supplies in the event of a nuclear attack. The government created official films on shelters, praising their value and advising homeowners on how to use them.
John Locke, because he was the big supporter of unalienable rights or god given rights.