In 2016, a rare transit of Mercury happened, where the planet crossed the face of the sun. Mercury's transit may have yielded secrets about its thin atmosphere, assisted in the hunt for worlds around other stars, and helped NASA hone some of its instruments.
Survival of the fittest is talking about when you have traits that will help you, you are more likely to live rather than not having those traits. For example, a bird that swims a lot has webbed feet so it has a better chance of surviving then a bird who does not have webbed feet
The term "law" is a historical relic going back to Newtonian times, when after Newton's development of classical mechanics, it was thought that the workings of the universe were directly analagous to a perfectly constructed and perfectly predictable clockwork. That was turned on its head as a result of quantum mechanics, and modern scientists typically avoid use of the term "law" anymore because it is too dogmatic. Newton's "Laws" are still called that mainly for historical reasons now. What used to be called laws are now called theories.
It started in 1798, to the 1800. This period is when the human population began to grow at a faster rate then any other time in history.
