The black-crowned night heron builds nests from twigs and sticks in mangrove trees in the Malay-Thai peninsula. Excess nitrates
from a large amount of heron excretion can damage the mangrove trees, sometimes leading to mangrove death. The ability of herons to nest in the mangroves is not affected by this damage. What type of symbiosis is this?
This is a symbiosis parasitism type due to there is a harm (damage or dead from excess nitrates of heron excretion) caused by the parasite species (the black-crowned night heron) to the host (mangrove trees) where the parasite lives.
This relationship between species sometimes causes the host to adapt structurally to this damage.
I think it's letter B. When an object freezes, such as ice, their molecules will be contracted due to the molecules that looses kinetic energy. When there is a lose of kinetic energy, then the temperature is cold. So the answer is contraction because it causes the molecules to freeze.<span />