In the formation of LTP, the entry of Ca2+ ions into the neuron activates protein kinases, which are the enzymes that contribute to the increased AMPA conductance of the postsynaptic cell.
<h3>What is LTP?</h3>
- LTP or Long-Term Potentiation is a biological process due to which synaptic connections formed between different neurons grow stronger due to frequent activation.
- It can be defined as a way by which the responses of brain change along with the experience thus dealing with learning and memory in the hippocampus.
- It is caused by combining activity of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.
- During synapses, Ca2+ is release as a neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron. This Ca+ enters the postsynaptic neuron and activates protein kinases.
- The protein kinases increase the activity of AMPA receptors which plays an important role in neurotransmission through glutamate.
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To determine whether an acidic or basic solution, it is first necessary to compare the concentrations of the hydronium (H3O +) and hydroxide (OH-) ions in the solution.
In acidic solution, the concentration of H3O + ions is higher than that of OH- ions.
- In acidic solution, the concentration of H3O + ions is higher than that of OH- ions. Such a solution can be achieved by adding a small part of the H3O + ions, for example. Acid solutions have a pH below 7, the further away from 7 the pH of the solution is the higher its acidity content. According to Le Chatelier's principle, when a disturbance is caused to an equilibrium system, it tends to readjust in order to diminish the effects of that force. This means that if an acid is added to water, the H3O + ions will be in excess and the equilibrium will shift in the opposite direction to the left. Then these excess ions will react with the OH- ions. Thus, the concentration of OH- ions will decrease and the solution will become acidic.
- In basic solutions, the concentration of OH- ions is higher than that of H3O + ions. If we add a base to the water, it means that we will be adding OH- ions and, as explained in the previous section, by Le Chatelier's principle, the equilibrium of the water selfionization reaction will shift in the opposite direction, and the excess ions will react. with the H3O + ions, decreasing their concentration and making the basic solution. Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7, the farther from 7 and closer to 14 the pH of the solution, the higher the basification content.
Answer:
Many pelicans fish by swimming in cooperative groups
Experiment 1 because cacti produce their own water
Down Syndrome is caused by a chromosomal - the trisomy of chromosome 21. The non-disjunction of the homologous chromosomes during meiosis causes some of the daughter cell to have two sets of chromosome 21. During fertilization, the resulting zygote, therefore, will have three chromosomes 21. The symptoms of this genetic disorder are; intellectual disability and stunted growth.