The Ottoman Empire colonized Byzantine Empire.Ottomans charged high prices for goods the received from Asia Because of this European countries needed to find a cheaper alternative which is sailing across oceanic waters.
The leaders which were key to the independence movement in South America were b) Simon Bolivar and d) Jose de San Martin. Jose de San Martin "was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire." Simon Bolivar was "a Venezuelan military and political leader who played an instrumental role in the establishment of Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule."
The causes of the Great Depression in the early 20th Century are a matter of active debate among economists, and are part of the larger debate about economic crisis, although the common belief is that the Great Depression was triggered by the 1929 crash of the stock market
