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Alja [10]
2 years ago
10

I need answers for the Biology chapter 4 of photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Biology
1 answer:
Troyanec [42]2 years ago
8 0

If it's from the book I have.

The photosynthetic pigment in plants that reflects green wavelengths and absorbs red and blue wavelengths is

Chlorophyll

Which metabolic process converts light energy into chemical energy?

photosynthesis

The potential energy within ATP molecules is stored in the ______.

bonds between the phosphates.

The most important result of photosynthesis is the __________.

conversions of light energy to chemical energy.

The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis CANNOT proceed __________.

without the products of the light reaction

The light reactions of photosynthesis take place on the ________ of the ___________.

thylakoid membranes, chloroplast

The part of the plant where most photosynthesis occurs is generally the ___________.

leaves

When split by the process of _______, electrons from molecules of ________replace electrons lost from chlorophyll in Photosystem II and then ________ is released.

photolysis, water, oxygen

The products of the Calvin cycle include what?

sugars

Which of the following statements about the overall reaction for photosynthesis is true?

Carbon dioxide contributes carbon and oxygen to sugar

In the carbon cycle of an ecosystem, inorganic carbon in the atmosphere is converted to organic compounds through _____.

photosynthesis

Where do fermentation and glycolysis take place?

in the cytoplasm of cells

Many scientists think that the rise in global temperatures is linked to increasing atmospheric levels of ____.

carbon dioxide

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related because _______.

The products of photosynthesis are the raw products for glucose metabolism and the products of glucose metabolism are the raw products for photosynthesis

What is glycolysis?

The breakdown of glucose to form two molecules of pyretic acid.

Respiration is the process of gas exchange (breathing in oxygen and out carbon dioxide); cellular respiration is the process of_______.

producing ATP via glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the ETC

How is the oxygen that heterotrophs such as fish and salamanders breath in used in cellular respiration?

Oxygen is the final electron acceptor of the ETC

In eukaryotic cells, glycolysis occurs in the ______ and the cellular respiration occurs in the _______.

cytoplasm, mitochondria

The difference in charge (H+ concentration) on the inside and the outside of mitochondrial membranes supplies the energy for _________.

the formation of ATP

Why does death result from any situation that prevents a person from breathing?

Oxygen is needed for cellular respiration, so lack of oxygen prevents ells from making sufficient ATP for essential cellular functions. Cells die as a result, eventually leading to the death of the individual.

Alcoholic fermentation releases ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and _______.

CO2 and ATP

The overall equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 ------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP and heat. The oxygen atoms in the CO2 molecules in this equation are produced from ________ during reactions of the ___________.

C6H12O6, the Krebs cycle

At he bingeing of most recipes for bread, you are instructed to dissolve the yeast in a mixture of sugar and hot water, in some cases with a small amount of flour. Within a short time, this yeast mixture begins to bubble and foam, perhaps to the point of overflowing the container. What is happening? (Note that yeast is an unusual organism that produces ATP via fermentation when sucrose and oxygen are present, even though it could make more ATP via cellular respiration).

The bubbles are carbon dioxide that the yeast produce as they break down the glucose and produce ATP via fermentation.

Why should anyone care about the importance of ATP production?

The multicellular organism requires energy produced to carry out vital functions essential for survival, and understanding glycolysis and cellular respiration permits insight into how different organisms manage their energy needs in different environments.

The difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is that _____________.

Aerobic requires oxygen, anaerobic does not, and aerobic converts more energy

When you exercise strenuously, your muscle cells will switch to _________.

lactic acid fermentation

Cellular respiration releases most o the energy in this phase of the pathway.

ETC

What is the inner membrane of the mitochondria called?

cristae

Reactions that require energy to form more complex compounds are called _________ reactions.

anabolic

Some of the products of the Krebs cycle include ________.

ATP, NADH, CO2

Aerobic

reactions that require oxygen

Mitochondria

site of cellular respiration

ATP

energy carrier within the cell

Glucose

primary energy source for cells

Autotroph

organism that can make it's own food

Fermentation

process used by yeast and other microorganisms to harvest energy

Anaerobic

reactions that do not require oxygen to break down glucose

Catabolic

reactions that break down molecules to release energy

Heterotroph

organism that cannot make its own food

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On the planet Kermit, in the Muppet population, there are two autosomal loci of interest. The first locus has alleles A and a, a
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Answer:

The values that most closely represent the expected number of Janice blonde-haired offspring is 252 individuals, option C.

Explanation:

<u>Available data</u>:

  • Two diallelic genes acting in a recessive epistatic manner to express hair color
  • Allele A is dominant over the allele a
  • Allele B is dominant over the allele b
  • A_B_ Cookie monster blue
  • aaB_ Elmo red
  • __bb Janice blonde

When talking about epistasis, we are referring to an interruption. These are interactions between genes located in different loci in the same chromosome. An epistatic gene can alter, influence, or suppress the expression of a hypostatic gene. When the epistatic gene is recessive, the interaction is known as <u>recessive epistasis</u>.  

Observing the altered phenotype proportions of the offspring can reveal which interaction is operating in the trait determination.  

In recessive epistasis, the proportion is 9:3:4.

Cross: Between two doubly-heterozygous

Parentals) AaBb    x    AaBb

Phenotype) Cookie-monster blue-haired individuals

Gametes)  AB, Ab, aB, ab

                 AB, Ab, aB, ab

Punnett square)     AB       Ab        aB         ab

                 AB      AABB    AABb  AaBB    AaBB

                 Ab      AABb    AAbb   AaBb    Aabb

                  aB     AaBB     AaBb   aaBB    aaBb

                  ab     AaBb      Aabb   aaBb    aabb

F1) 1000 individuals

     9/16 individuals are expected to be Cookie-monster blue-haired, A-B-

     3/16 individuals are expected to be Elmo Red, aaB-

     4/16 individuals are expected to be Janice blond, A-bb + aabb

16 ------------------------------------------- 1000 individuals

4 Janice blond individuals ---------- X = 250 individuals

So, 250 individuals are expected to be Janice blonde. The observed number might vary a little bit from this value.  The values that most closely represent the expected number of Janice blonde-haired offspring is c = 252 individuals

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Chromatin can be altered in a number of ways, such as histone modification and DNA methylation. When are such alterations consid
Ratling [72]

Epigenetic changes are those which do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. These are caused due to interaction of the genome with the environment.

<h3>When are alterations epigenetic?</h3>
  • Epigenetic modifications or tags include DNA methylation and histone modification.
  • These changes alter DNA accessibility and chromatin structure thus regulating gene expression.
  • These are the reversible, heritable changes which do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence.
  • These are necessary for the normal development of organisms.
  • Stable, long-term epigenetic modifications involve DNA methylation.
  • Flexible, short-term changes involve histone modifications, such as methylation and acetylation.

Learn more about epigenetic changes here:

brainly.com/question/25660175

#SPJ4

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