Merton gave strain theory of deviance in the 1940s. Merton develops a concept of Anomie to define the imbalance between community set up and cultural goals. Merton said such of a society creates tension and depression among people which produces unsatisfied aspirations. When people see the differences between their goals and their current status, they filled with strain, depression, and anxiety. When people faced the stain they have five-way to adapt it :
Conformity
Innovation
Ritualism
<u>Retreatism: In this person reject both cultural goals and means to obtain it and escape from the situation. </u>
A surprise ending often presents a situational irony. The turn of events may be startling, but writers using irony usually build clues into the story that make the ending logical.
