It occurs when the size of a population is severely reduced.
This apparent contradiction between the chlorine ion and the sodium ion is; due to electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons.
As we know, there's a periodic trend for atomic radii in the periodic table; the trend is as follows;
- <em>Atomic radius increases down a group and reduces across the period.</em>
Elements get larger down the group and this explains the trend down a group.
- However, atomic radius decreases across a period because the more Valence electrons there are in an element, the more the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons.
Consequently, when Chlorine forms an ion by gaining an electron, the electrostatic attraction between its nucleus and electrons increases and the the atomic radius decreases.
On the other hand, when sodium forms an ion by losing an electron, the electrostatic attraction between its nucleus and electrons decreases and the the atomic radius increases.
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I don't know if i understand but i believe your answer is (D)V
Answer:
For close to 50 years, educators and politicians from classrooms to the Oval Office have stressed the importance of graduating students who are skilled critical thinkers.
Content that once had to be drilled into students’ heads is now just a phone swipe away, but the ability to make sense of that information requires thinking critically about it. Similarly, our democracy is today imperiled not by lack of access to data and opinions about the most important issues of the day, but rather by our inability to sort the true from the fake (or hopelessly biased).
We have certainly made progress in critical-thinking education over the last five decades. Courses dedicated to the subject can be found in the catalogs of many colleges and universities, while the latest generation of K-12 academic standards emphasize not just content but also the skills necessary to think critically about content taught in English, math, science and social studies classes.
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