I do believe the answer to this question is both Egypt and Mesopotamia.
In colonial Mexico, it was the "Peninsulares" who held the highest positions in the colonial administration and Catholic Church, since this were generally not available to people of "mixed" blood. <span>
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Over 23,000 men fell as casualties in the one-day Battle of Antietam, making it the bloodiest day in American history. The Union victory at Antietam resulted in President Abraham Lincoln issuing his Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862.
