The correct answer is Realism.
What <em>depicting human life and society without idealized notions or embellishments </em>means is that the authors are trying their best to show life as it is, without having to exaggerate or make things seem prettier than they actually are. Realists strive to depict life as they see it, and as anyone else would see it - not its romantic, idealized version, but rather life as it actually appears in reality. That is why the entire era is named Realism - trying to show what's real.
Present of began is begin.
Past participle of I think you meant "begin" is begun.
Answer:
Captain Robert Moffat Losey
Explanation:
R.I.P.
