Answer:
A.
Explanation:
The ancient Chinese civilization was protected from invasion and cultural diffusion because of the geographical isolation. The ancient Chinese civilization was isolated by desert from the north and west, and the Pacific Ocean to the east.
The settlements along the Huang He river were not affected by cultural diffusion because they were isolated by the Gobi desert to the north, which kept people from invading the land.
Therefore, option A is correct.
Answer:
Some states with existing colonies strengthened their control over those colonies and in some cases assumed direct control over colonies previously held by non-state entities. European states as well as the United States and Japan acquired territories throughout Asia and the Pacific, while Spanish and Portuguese influence declined. Many European states used both warfare and diplomacy to expand their empires in Africa. Trade in some commodities was organized in a way that gave merchants and companies based in Europe and the U.S. a distinct economic advantage. The need for raw materials for factories and increased food supplies for the growing population in urban centers led to the growth of export economies around the world that specialized in commercial extraction of natural resources and the production of food and industrial crops. The profits from these raw materials were used to purchase finished goods. Increasing questions about political authority and growing nationalism contributed to anti-colonial movements. Anti-imperial resistance took various forms, including direct resistance within empires and the creation of new states on the peripheries. Increasing discontent with imperial rule led to rebellions, some of which were influenced by religious ideas.
Explanation:
The Protestant threat
Teresa of Avila
the Council of Trent
the Bible as the sole source of truth
salvation through faith alone
Church reform
Catholic reformation refers to the period when catholicism started to resurface as a response for protestant reformation.The reformation effort was consisted of 5 major elements and started in the year of 1545 and ended in the year of 1648 after thirty years of war.
Explanation: LAW
The necessity of fighting off invading groups was one aspect of the Roman Empire that continued into the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire, a very powerful and vast civilisation, emerged after the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Constantinople became its capital.
