Answer:
Recombinant DNA technology can be described as a technology in which DNA of two different organisms is merged and put into a host. This technology allows the production of genes which are beneficial to humans.
The steps of the rDNA technology are:
1) Isolating of DNA fro a cell
2) Using Restriction Enzymes to cut the DNA
3) Isolation of the desired DNA
4) Amplification of the desired gene
5) Ligating the DNA fragment into a suitable vector
6) Transfer of the foreign DNA into an host organism
7) Getting the gene product
One of the process to describe will be:
Amplification of the desired gene: The most common method of amplifying a gene in vitro is by the technique of PCR.
There are three basic steps of PCR:
Denaturation:
In this step, the two strands of the DNA are separated by heat. Usually the temperature is set to 92-95 degrees for 15 sec Celsius for this process.
Annealing:
In this step, primers are used to anneal the DNA strands. This step is carried out at lower temperatures mainly in between 60-65 degrees Celsius.
Extension: The Taq polymerase enzyme adds nucleotides to the primers complementary to the DNA strands.
