Answer:
The transatlantic slave trade began during the 15th century when Portugal, and subsequently other European kingdoms, were finally able to expand overseas and reach Africa. The Portuguese first began to kidnap people from the west coast of Africa and to take those they enslaved back to Europe.
Explanation:
Answer:
The vast majority of labor was unpaid. The only enslaved person at Monticello who received something approximating a wage was George Granger, Sr., who was paid $65 a year (about half the wage of a white overseer) when he served as Monticello overseer.Life expectancy was short, on many plantations only 7-9 years.Industrial slaves worked twelve hours per day, six days per week. The only breaks they received were for a short lunch during the day, and Sunday or the occasional holiday during the week.Fearing that black literacy would prove a threat to the slave system -- which relied on slaves' dependence on masters -- whites in many colonies instituted laws forbidding slaves to learn to read or write and making it a crime for others to teach them.However, the health of plantation slaves was far worse than that of whites. Unsanitary conditions, inadequate nutrition and unrelenting hard labor made slaves highly susceptible to disease. Illnesses were generally not treated adequately, and slaves were often forced to work even when sick.Slaves were punished by whipping, shackling, beating, mutilation, branding, and/or imprisonment. Punishment was most often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but masters or overseers sometimes abused slaves to assert dominance.
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German Emperor William i believe
The extent that were lives of enslaved Africans different from the lives of European indentured servants in the seventeenth-century north American colonies are -
Depending on the time and region in history, several factors have influenced African Americans' legal status in North America. African laborers' civil status was not defined by regulations in the early years of colonization. Black employees appear to have had a social position akin to that of white indentured slaves from Europe, who were contractually bound to labor for their owners for certain periods of time.
Black men and women, particularly in New Amsterdam, started to enjoy certain permissions that would later be denied to enslaved blacks in America, despite the fact that their station was that of inferiority that made them amenable to mistreatment by masters. Black servants could, for instance, sue their employers in court like white servants might. Some, such as Pedro Negretto and Manuel Rues, who filed lawsuits for unpaid wages, even succeeded.
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