Answer:
1. chromosome: tight coils of DNA
2. Eukaryote: a cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus
3. Gene: a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides that carry hereditary traits
4. Prokaryote: a cell whose nucleus is not bound by a membrane
5. Trait: genetic characteristic of an individual
Explanation:
Chromosomes are the thread-like structures that appear during cell division. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled with its packing proteins.
A cell is defined as eukaryote or prokaryote on the basis of the presence of a membrane-bound nucleus. The cells that lack the membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles are called prokaryotic cells. Example: bacteria.
The cells that have a membrane bound nucleus in which DNA is present are called eukaryotic cells. Example: Plant cells.
A stretch of DNA that code for a particular protein and thereby regulate specific genetic trait is called a gene. Genes are present on chromosomes and are carried from one generation to next to maintain the genetic traits.
The features of living beings regulated by the gene are called trait. Example: skin color, eye color, etc.
Answer:
The influx of calcium ions.
Explanation:
The influx of calcium ions at a certain point produces phase of the action potential also called depolarization which results in the ion movement changes the membrane potential from negative to positive inside the cell.
In action potential, calcium ions may control gene transcription, cell excitability, and neurotransmitter release. In chemical synapses, the influx of calcium ions leads to vesicles filled with neurotransmitters move to the surface of the cell, and into the synaptic cleft release their contents.
Answer: Decomposers break down the dead organisms and return the carbon in their bodies to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide by respiration.
Explanation: In some conditions, decomposition is blocked. The plant and animal material may then be available as fossil fuel in the future for combustion.
Electrons are subatomic particles that orbit around an atom. This electrons can be shared with other atoms when two atoms are willing to bind with eachother.
Answer: Electron.
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