Answer: A. 
Explanation:  when the fall of fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 was over, the Russian Orthodox Church evolved into a semi-independent  branch of Eastern Christianity. In 1589 the metropolitan of Moscow received the title of patriarch.
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
B). It would help the writer form a central claim.
Explanation:
The given paragraph would assist in 'formation of the central claim' to the writer looking for evidence for drafting an argumentative essay on the Industrial Revolution. It <u>gives the description of both the positive, as well as, the negative aspects of the topic i.e. Industrial Revolution from which the writer can choose his stand and prepare his argument and evidence to support and substantiate his claim accordingly</u>. Thus, <u>option B</u> is the correct answer.
 
        
             
        
        
        
It <span>opened up settlement in the western </span><span>United States (people could now go settle in the west with the Indians! fun! bet no one will get hurt!) Approximately 1500 homestead claims had been established. Also freed slaves could claim land in the west as well. </span>
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Explanation:
For thousands of years, humans have modified the physical environment by clearing land for agriculture or damming streams to store and divert water. ... For example, when a dam is built, less water flows downstream. This impacts the communities and wildlife located downstream who might depend on that water.