The colonists requested/declared their independence from Britain due to the extreme taxes that were being imposed upon them.
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Its A. The space race was during the cold war so Nuclear Threat was number one was very important to the US to keep under control, however when the Russians launched Sputnik One the race to space stated. Some believe it was to push the other into submission so no nuclear war would not start. The only reason the Cold war isn't still ongoing is because of M.A.D. At one point there was even a treaty to make the two space programs one and end the cold war permanently, however, that never came to pass.
The most important part of a democracy is the separation of powers. i.e. the Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary all operate independently of each other.
