Why study human genetics? One reason is simply an interest in better
understanding ourselves. As a branch of genetics, human genetics
concerns itself with what most of us consider to be the most interesting
species on earth: Homo sapiens. But our interest in human
genetics does not stop at the boundaries of the species, for what we
learn about human genetic variation and its sources and transmission
inevitably contributes to our understanding of genetics in general, just
as the study of variation in other species informs our understanding of
our own.
A second reason for studying human genetics is its
practical value for human welfare. In this sense, human genetics is more
an applied science than a fundamental science. One benefit of studying
human genetic variation is the discovery and description of the genetic
contribution to many human diseases. This is an increasingly powerful
motivation in light of our growing understanding of the contribution
that genes make to the development of diseases such as cancer, heart
disease, and diabetes. In fact, society has been willing in the past and
continues to be willing to pay significant amounts of money for
research in this area, primarily because of its perception that such
study has enormous potential to improve human health. This perception,
and its realization in the discoveries of the past 20 years, have led to
a marked increase in the number of people and organizations involved in
human genetics.
This second reason for studying human genetics is
related to the first. The desire to develop medical practices that can
alleviate the suffering associated with human disease has provided
strong support to basic research. Many basic biological phenomena have
been discovered and described during the course of investigations into
particular disease conditions. A classic example is the knowledge about
human sex chromosomes that was gained through the study of patients with
sex chromosome abnormalities. A more current example is our rapidly
increasing understanding of the mechanisms that regulate cell growth and
reproduction, understanding that we have gained primarily through a
study of genes that, when mutated, increase the risk of cancer.
Likewise,
the results of basic research inform and stimulate research into human
disease. For example, the development of recombinant DNA techniques (Figure 3)
rapidly transformed the study of human genetics, ultimately allowing
scientists to study the detailed structure and functions of individual
human genes, as well as to manipulate these genes in a variety of
previously unimaginable ways.
The nurse should warn the patient about possible side effects of the medication, as well as read the notice before administration.
She should inform the patient not to administer in case of increased blood pressure, thromboembolic abnormality, change in liver tests, change in blood glucose, occurrence of obesity, risk of osteoporosis, and the appearance of breast cancer.
..........Proteins..........
Answer: Fluoroscopy is used as positioning device prior to obtaining film radiographs. It is used for examination where the type of projection and habitus if the patient present difficulties
It is not an acceptable practice because it exposes the skin and underlying tissues to radiation induced injuries and there is a possibility of future occurances of radiation induced cancer in the future
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction is a process involving the fusion of two gametes to
Gametes are special reproductive cells produced by meiosis. It produces genetically dissimilar offspring. Offspring may inherit beneficial qualities from both parents and there is a greater genetic variation in the offspring, leading to species that are better adapted to changes in the environment.
