If the new compound breaks down into amino acids and functions to break down organic matter into food for the plant, then the researchers discovered a biological catalyst.
<h3>What is an enzyme?</h3>
An enzyme can be defined as a special type of biological catalyst that helps to speed up the rate of a given chemical reaction.
Enzymes are proteins that can be considered as the main class of biological catalysts, but there are also other biological catalysts called ribozymes which are specifically composed of nucleic acids, i.e., RNA-based catalysts.
In conclusion, if the new compound breaks down into amino acids and functions to break down organic matter into food for the plant, then the researchers discovered a biological catalyst.
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The complete question is :
As an epidemiologist you are going to investigate the effect of a drug suspected of causing malformations in newborn infants when the drug in question is taken by pregnant women during the course of their pregnancies. As your sample you will use the next 200 single births occurring in a given hospital. For each birth a medication history will be taken from the new mother and from her doctor; in addition, you will review medical records to verify use of the drug. [N.B.: These mothers are considered to have been followed prospectively during the entire course of their pregnancies, because a complete and accurate record of drug use was maintained during pregnancy.] The resultant data are: Forty mothers have taken the suspected drug during their pregnancies. Of these mothers, 35 have delivered malformed infants. In addition, 10 other infants are born with malfunctions. What is the relative risk between exposure to the drug and malformations?
Answer:
14
Explanation:
- The relative risk is a measure that is used to calculate or compare the likelihood or the chance that an event would occur while comparing the two groups.
- To calculate the relative risk, the probability of an event occurring in one group is compared with the probability of the event occurring in another group and this is done by dividing the probability of one group by another.
- The value of relative risk is always either zero or greater than zero but it cannot be negative.
- The value 1 indicates neutrality.
- The probability of an event = no. of favorable outcomes/ total no. of outcomes
- For the given question, 35 mothers out of 40 delivered infants that were malformed, so the probability of delivering malformed infants is 35/40.
- Out of the 200 births, 40 have occurred so total births left is 200 - 40 = 160
- Therefore, the probability of the second event is 10/160.
- Therefore relative risk is = (35/40)/(10/160) = (0.875/0.062) = 14
Once an RNA has been produced, by transcription and processing the information present in its nucleotide sequence is used to synthesize a protein.
Answer:
The source of the oxygen in amino acids was water (H2O).
Explanation:
The Miller-Urey experiment was a chemical experiment in which the hypothetical conditions present on the early Earth were simulated. This experiment was conducted in order to test what kind of environment would be needed to allow life to begin. The experiment is considered to be the classic experiment on the origin of life. It was conducted in 1953 by two scientists; Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey.
In this experiment Miller and Urey placed water (H2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) into an enclosed chamber. The chamber was set up to mimic the atmosphere of the early Earth, with a reducing environment and high amounts of energy (lightning storms and high temperatures). At the end of the experiment Miller and Urey observed the spontaneous synthesis of amino acids, life-essential compounds, and concluded that organic molecules needed for life could be formed from inorganic components.
Starting materials used in this experiment served as a source of different elements needed for synthesis of amino acids. The source of the element oxygen in amino acids was water (H2O) that was put inside the chamber.
