George Washington was the first president.
In 1862, Congress passed the Pacific Railway Act, which authorized the construction of a transcontinental railroad The first such railroad was completed on May 10, 1869 Four of the five transcontinental railroads were built with assistance from the federal government through land grants.
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Gold, spices, and rich crops.
The 13th Amendment was necessary because the Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln in January of 1863, did not end slavery entirely; those enslaved in border states had not been freed. ... The 13th Amendment forever abolished slavery as an institution in all U.S. states and territories