Answer: e. was preferred by African-Americans to gang labor (because they were less subject to supervision).
Explanation:
Sharecropping developed, then, as a system that theoretically benefited both parties. Landowners could have access to the large labor force necessary to grow cotton, but they did not need to pay these laborers money,
This is false. Workers in American mines, mills and factories were poorly paid, and their jobs were extremely unsafe. These horrible conditions (among other things) eventually led to the formation of unions.
They could not learn how to read or write it was seen as a privilege only a powerful white man should know.