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<u>Translation:</u> process of protein formation is called translation .
In the process of translation, a cell reads information from a molecule called a messenger RNA and uses this information to build a protein. Translation involves “decoding” a messenger RNA and using its information to build a polypeptide, or chain of amino acids
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Translation involve three major steps
• Initiation ("beginning"): in this stage, the ribosome gets together with the mRNA and the first tRNA so translation can begin.
• Elongation ("middle"): in this stage, amino acids are brought to the ribosome by tRNAs and linked together to form a poly peptide chain.
•Termination ("end"): in the last stage of translation, the finished polypeptide is released to go and do its job in the cell.
<u>Organelles involve in translation:</u>
Ribosomes: main process of translation occour at ribosomes.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum: ribosomes are located on rough endoplasmicreticulum .it bound proteins in the vesicles.Vesicles containing proteins are budded off into cytoplasm and move toward golgi apparatus for further modification .
Golgi apparatus: synthesisezed proteins are not functional . In golgi apperatus they are further modefied and processed and stored for a short time and then released toward destination.
An active site is a region that is present on an enzyme where the reactants or the substrate molecules we can say bind and experience a chemical reaction. The substrate is basically a reactant whose concentration is changing and that is converting into a product after binding at the active site of an enzyme
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Anatomy supports the theory of evolution because some species share similar physical features that was present in a common ancestor.
An example of shared anatomy is sharks and dolphins. types of analogous structures, such as dolphins and sharks, do not prove species are related, but rather they support the Theory of Evolution by show how species do build up adaptations in order to fit into their environments
Molecular biology because DNA and the genetic code reflect the shared ancestry of life. DNA comparisons can show how related species are.
in recent research is has been shown that the myoglobin and hemoglobin sequences for dozens of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, worms, and molluscs were related.
Structural similarities is when different animals share the same structural similarities. For example the skeletons of turtles, horses, humans, birds, and bats are very similar, despite their t different ways of life and the diversity of their environments.
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what are the drop down menus
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