Answer: The answer is both. Despite most of Duchamp's work was a sort of spoof (including "N*ude Descending a Staircase"), the consequences of his trajectory represent a critical watershed in the History of Art.
Explanation:
Marcel Duchamp's painting "N*ude Descending a Staircase" (1912), had a polemic reception when it was first exhibited. Despite this painting follows some the Cubist stylistic principles, many painters, rejected it claiming that it was too inspired by other artistic movements. Others argued that the name was too specific to refer to what the painting depicted, and some others claimed that nudity should be respected, and that Duchamp’s work was in that sense irreverent.
Currently, this painting is seen as one of Duchamp’s first attempts to transform and question artistic values. Duchamp is known for how he managed to extend the meaning of art up to the limits of irrationality, making of most of his artistic trajectory a parody or a spoof. Another good example of this is Duchamp’s famous work named “Fountain” (1917).
With this, Duchamp created the soil for the Dadaist movement; which had very important consequences in our understanding of art.
The rock group is Mount Rushmore!
I believe the correct answer is: human beings (individuals).
The artistic epoch of Humanism emphasizes the significance
of rational thought, rather than adherence to the principles of faith. Therefore,
the influence of the Humanism on Renaissance art was a focus on dignity,
freedom and the human potential of realizing self-actualization. But, even though
individual is in the focus, the God was not abandoned.
