Access to a freshwater supply is affected by the following factors: Climate – low levels of rainfall and high temperatures lead to water deficits . When rainfall is low, there is less water available. When temperatures are high, water evaporates and so there is less available to use.
Secretary of State John Foster Dulles defined the Middle East as "the area lying between and including Libya on the west and Pakistan on the east, Syria and Iraq on the North and the Arabian peninsula to the south, plus the Sudan and Ethiopia."
