Answer: so-called "Scramble for Africa" or "Conquest of Africa" or "Partition of Africa" was an extension of imperialist rivalry between European super-powers of that time who viewed European and world politics increasingly from the Darwinian perspective.
Explanation: Intellectual look at the map in the 19th century was very Darwinian (or vulgarly Darwinian) and divided peoples of the world into "superior" people and "inferior" people. Jews were European blacks - the most inferior Europeans, then there were blacks, American indians, Asians. This vision of the world and history prompted European imperialism ...1881 is the year when starts so-called "New Imperialism" which lasted till the WW I (beginning 1914).
I'm pretty sure (1.) is A, and I know for a fact that (3.) is D because slavery was a regular practice between quarreling tribes. I have no clue what (2.) is. Best of luck.
