Answer:
Cytochrome c is an enzyme found in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Here it is given that the human amino acid sequence for cytochrome c differs at 12 locations from the sequence in horses and pigeons. This information might be useful for inferring in preliminary stages that horses and pigeons are closely related to each other since they both show similar amount of difference from humans.
However, this hypothesis is being made with respect to the the comparison between "humans and horses" and "humans and pigeons". To further test this hypothesis pigeons and horses should be directly compared to each other without the use of a third species like humans. Hence, the sequence for cytochrome c in horse and pigeon should be compared with each other rather than comparing to humans.
Explanation:
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When a stem cell divides, it first becomes an immature red blood cell, white blood cell, or platelet-producing cell. The immature cell then divides, matures further, and ultimately becomes a mature red blood cell, white blood cell, or platelet.
Answer:
Environmental factors can influence natural selection because they can increase or decrease the amount of genetic variation in a population.
Explanation:
Natural selection is a process that involves the survival of species through changes in the expression of their genes, making possible the process of adaptation to environmental changes. It is one of the explanations for the biological evolution of species.
The second premise, necessary for natural selection to be possible, implies the existence of a variability (genetics) of traits among individuals in a population.
The other premises of natural selection are the faculty of traits to be inheritable and that genetic variability should lead to reproductive success and survival.
- <em>The other options are not related to the process of natural selection, since it is not possible for natural selection to increase or decrease the number of chromosomes, in addition to the fact that genetic variability must be observed in a population, not in a single individual, to be considered natural selection </em>