Hmm, there were several triggering events that promoted westward expansion of the United States. Victory in war over Mexico (1848) gave the US new lands in the west. A treaty with Britain (also in 1848) gave the US sole possession of some formerly disputed Oregon territory lands also. Plus, in 1848, gold was discovered in California (land newly in US possession after that Mexican war treaty), so that prodded westward expansion too. Perhaps those are the initial "turning points" you're looking for. The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 sure helped the process as it was underway, as well.
In the 1840s, the U.S was struck with the idea of <em>manifest destiny</em>. An idea that America should control North America from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Mexico had the legal right to Texas thus dominated California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Two territories stood in America's way of accomplishing the manifest destiny idea; first, the Oregon Territory that was occupied by both Great Britain and the United States and the Western and Southwestern areas owned by Mexico. The differences between the United States and Mexico over the border of Texas led to the Mexican American War that resulted in American gaining ownership of Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas. The ownership of these territories fulfilled the '<em>Manifest Destiny' </em>of the U.S stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific, Manifest Destiny.
US Constitution is superior to state law. I hope I could help! :)
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Answer: The Catholic Church responded to the challenges of Luther, Calvin, and the Protestant movement initially in a somewhat mild way, allowing Luther to argue his position. When Luther refused to retract his position, his theses were deemed heretical, he was excommunicated, and, after the Diet of Worms, support of Luther was prohibited.
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Answer:
Though state and local governments regulate whether residents may, for example, carry guns in public, laws regulating who may receive or possess guns are set out at the federal level. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), a division of the Department of Justice, administers the GCA.
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