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Answer:
Positive Trousseau sign
Positive Chvostek sign
Hyperactive reflexes.
Muscle twitching, Paresthesias
When the blood conce
Explanation:
When the blood ca+ concentration falls below the standard of 4.4-4.5mg/dL,that is below 4.4mg/dL the clinical condition is called hypocalcemia. It is caused by hypothyroidism,due to malfunction of the parathyroid gland.
Generally, Ca+ is needed for contraction of muscles by causing the fusion of the vesicles containing neurotransmitters to the presynaptic membrane for the passage of neuro transmitters to fuse with the receptors on the sarcolemma to initiate muscular contractions by opening of ligand gated Na+. It also interact with the ligand gated sodium ion channels
Generally,Ca+ inhibits depolarization of ligand gated Na+ channels. Thus blocks the opening of these channels and therefore the rate of excitability.Therefore, If the is low serum levels of Ca+,There is increased in the threshold of depolarization because more ligand gated Na+ channels are opened,Thus their is increased excitability of nerves and muscles fibres therefore in the clinical manifestations listed above.
It can be treated with infusion of Ca+ into the blood.
Explanation:
Lipids are composed of fatty acids which form the hydrobic tail and glycerol which forms the hydrophilic head; glycerol is a 3-Carbon alcohol which id water soluble, while the fatty acid tail is a long chain hydrocarbon (hydrogens attached to a carbon backbone) with up to 36 carbons.
Their polarity or arrangement can give these non-polar macromolecules hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties. Via diffusion, small water molecules can move across the phospholipid bilayer acts as a semi-permeable membrane into the extracellular fluid or the cytoplasm which are both hydrophilic and contain large concentrations of polar water molecules or other water-soluble compounds. The hydrophilic heads of the bilayer are attracted to water while their water-repellent hydrophobic tails face towards each other- allowing molecules of water to diffuse across the membrane along the concentration gradient.
Transmembrane proteins are embedded within the membrane from the extracellular fluid to the cytoplasm, and are sometimes attached to glycoproteins (proteins attached to carbohydrates) which function as cell surface markers or at as doorways for other molecules to pass through. Cholesterol, which is comparatively rigid, anchors other molecules attached to the membrane, maintain membrane stability or structural integrity and aid in separating some lipids, helping with membrane fluidity at low environmental temperatures.
Remember, essential features:
- lipid bilayer
- cholesterols
- proteins (cell markers and doorways)
Learn more about membrane components at brainly.com/question/1971706
Learn more about plasma membrane transport at brainly.com/question/11410881
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I think the correct answer would be the third option. Environmental influences include family dynamics, neighborhood quality, and educational opportunities. These influences involve everything that surrounds an individual. The environment one is subjected to greatly affects the totality of that person may it be psychological, social, physical, behavior or attitude, beliefs and perception. For instance, if a child grow up in an environment that is healthy where relationships are nurtured and love and respect is present between members, then most likely this child would grow with great self esteem and would have the same characteristics as the people he lived with.
