How you answer that question depends much on your political point of view. A 2006 article by Ron Haskins, published by the conservative Brookings Institute, declared the 1996 welfare reforms a success. Haskins pointed to evidence such as a 60% decline in the welfare caseload by 2004 as a result of the 1996 reforms. He also pointed to studies indicating that 60 to 80% of adults leaving welfare are gainfully employed.
Meanwhile, liberal writers such as Peter Edelman and Barbara Ehrenreich, writing in the <em>Washington Post </em>(<span>December 6, 2009), have said that welfare reform failed, because the number of those living in poverty in America rose in the years following welfare reform. The lack of access to welfare contributed to that rise in poverty, they argue. It's harder for people to get cash assistance through Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (which is what welfare was renamed). But dependence on food stamps doubled in the years after Clinton left office.
So "success" or "disaster" will depend on whether viewed through a conservative or liberal lens.</span>
The Italian city-states were important centers of trade between central Europe and Africa, as well as Persia, since their location on the Mediterranean Sea allowed them unparalleled access to a variety of ports.
It is the beginning to the Constitution which states the goals of the government.
Article 7 explains how many state ratifications are needed in order for the proposed Constitution to take place in the United States and how a state could go about ratifying the Constitution.
