No organism is always the first step, except in a wide sense, plants. In the water, plankton is found in first but whereas on land, plants or seeds are eaten first.
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Answer:
The correct answer is b. recognizes foreign DNA sequences that have previously entered the cell and directs the Cas proteins to destroy them.
Explanation:
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPER) is the sequences of DNA found in the genome of prokaryotes and archaea. These sequences are added at a crisper locus in DNA by bacteria through capturing bacteriophage DNA during infection.
Then this sequence is used to detect a similar sequence of bacteriophage during subsequent infection and destroy them by Cas9 enzyme. Cas 9 enzyme uses a crisper sequence as a template to destroy similar phage DNA.
So the CRISPER Cas system provides an adaptive defense mechanism to bacteria against foreign DNA coming from bacteriophage. Therefore the correct answer is b.
Microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, particularly those of microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, particularly those of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur.
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What is Microorganisms?</h3>
Microorganisms, often known as microbes, are minute organisms that can be single cells or colonies of cells.
Ancient texts like the Jain scriptures from India's sixth century BC raised the specter of the potential existence of invisible microscopic life. In the 1670s, Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a microscope to observe microorganisms, which marked the beginning of the scientific study of microbes. Louis Pasteur disproved the hypothesis of spontaneous generation in the 1850s by discovering that bacteria were to blame for food degradation. Robert Koch determined in the 1880s that bacteria were to blame for tuberculosis, cholera, diphtheria, and anthrax.
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