Sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium ions are important for establishing the resting potential of the cell. The sodium-potassium gradient is maintained by a pump which transports 2 potassium inside the cell and 3 sodium ions outside the cell.
Aerobic respiration happens in the mitochondrion of eukaryotic cells.
Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen gas and happens in one process after glycolysis called Fermentation.
The process used to make beer would be a kind of fermentation, Alcohol fermentation, I believe.
True trees can be planted grown up harvested for timber