<span>Endotherms</span> <span>require</span> <span>a higher
metabolic rate</span> <span>than</span> <span>ectotherms</span>. This is because <span>endotherms</span> maintain a <span>regular/</span> constant body temperature while <span>ectotherms</span> depend on the heat in the <span>environment</span> to regulate body <span>temperature</span>.
Therefore, <span>endotherms</span> must eat regularly to
maintain this metabolic rate and <span>sustain</span> <span>constant</span> temperatures.
Scientists collect information that allows them to make evolutionary connections between organisms. Similar to detective work, scientists must use evidence to uncover the facts. In the case of phylogeny, evolutionary investigations focus on two types of evidence: morphologic (form and function) and genetic.
<span>Ptyalin hydrolysis does not continue in the stomach because it is destroyed by the stomach once it enter the stomach. </span>
Ptyalin is an amylase enzyme commonly found in the saliva of
humans and animals. This enzyme is secreted in the mouth ( buccal cavity) and catalyze
the hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin. Immediately the starch
leaves the mouth and enter the stomach, stomach acids destroy the ptyalin.
1- Preparing the cDNA:
a- Using two different tissue samples (such as control and cancer cells), isolate mRNA.
b- For each sample, prepare complementry DNA (cDNA) from the isolated mRNA. Then fluorescent label cDNA of each sample with a different color and then mixed.
2- preparing the microarray:
a- Bind DNA fragments of different genes to microarray wells.
b- Attach ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) to microarray wells.
3- Combine the probe and the microarray samples:
Add labeled cDNA to the microarray wells.
Answer:
females it begins prior to birth, while in males, it begins after birth.
Explanation: