Phonetics deals with the production of speech sounds by humans, often without prior knowledge of the language being spoken. Phonology is about patterns of sounds, especially different patterns of sounds in different languages, or within each language, different patterns of sounds in different positions in words etc .
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Answer: yes and no. For the most part yes as it allows the government to pick and choose what is and isn't recognized as a local currency. A good example of fiat money is gold.
Ellis island was where thousands of immigrants were processed before being allowed into the United States.