At the end of July 1905, Sun Yat Sen returned to Japan from his trip to Europe and the United States. Received with enthusiasm by the Chinese students and considered the leader of the anti-Manchu revolutionary movement, Sun took advantage of this new popularity to found a new political organization. In Tokyo he established the Alliance Society (同盟會, tóngménghuì, strictly, the Society of the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance), that grouped several revolutionary circles. This society would be the embryo from which the Kuomintang, the main party of Chinese nationalism, would be born in 1911. The formation, of which Sun was named president, disputed with the Chinese constitutional monarchists both the favor of the nationalist youth and the financial support of the emigration, which the two groups disputed. A new newspaper for political formation was created at the time, Min Bao (People's Daily).
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, (Thessaloniki, Ottoman Macedonia, May 19, 1881-Istanbul, November 10, 1938), was an officer of the Turkish army and a famous Turkish statesman, as well as the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. Mustafa Kemal was consecrated as a renowned general commanding a division in the battle of Gallipoli. After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire and the occupation of Constantinople between 1918 and 1923 at the hands of the Allies and the partition of the Ottoman Empire, Mustafa Kemal headed the Turkish National Movement, which would lead to the Turkish War of Independence.
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi Since 1919 he was openly at the head of the Indian nationalist movement. He established new methods of social struggle such as the hunger strike and in his programs rejected the armed struggle and made a preaching of the ahimsa (nonviolence) as a means to resist British rule. He defended and promoted widely the total fidelity to the dictates of conscience, even reaching civil disobedience if necessary; In addition, he fought for the return to the old Hindu traditions. He corresponded with León Tolstoy, who influenced his concept of nonviolent resistance. He was the inspiration for the march of the salt, a demonstration across the country against the taxes to which this product was subject.
