At the beginning of the civil war the four border states kind of acted as a buffer between the north and the south. They were slave holding states ( like the south) but they sympathized with the north.
The Nullification Crisis of 1832 centered around d) southern opposition to tariffs. "The Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis in 1832-33, during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, which involved a confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government. The crisis ensued after South Carolina declared that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of the state."
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Revolution of 1905 and the First and Second Dumas. Defeat by Japan brought revolution in Russia. On January 22 (January 9, Old Style), 1905, more than 100 workers were killed and hundreds were wounded when police fired on a peaceful demonstration in front of the Winter Palace in St.
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