Involuntary, meaning things in the body such as your heart is all regulated to act unconsciously while also receiving directives from the brain.
Practicing three point shots to improve free throw accuracy contradicts the SPECIFICITY principle of exercise.
The specificity principle of exercise states that, to become an expert in a particular exercise or skill one should perform that exercise or skill. That is, the things that one do during physical activity should be relevant to one desired outcomes, thus, the training regimen must go from general to specific during training.
Option 1 seems to be correct
I believe it’s gamete. Genotypes are traits that are genetic inherited. Phenotypes are traits you learn. Zygotes are a fertilized female egg.
Breathing is the exchange of gases between animals & the environment.