Answer:
The options are given below:
A. discriminatory regulation
B. heuristic
C. illusory correlation
D. foot-in-the-door model
The correct option is C. illusory correlation
Explanation:
In the field of psychology, illusory correlation refers to the phenomenon in which people perceive a relationship or connection between variables even when such relationship or connection do not exist. Oftentimes, people tend to attach a particular behavior or actions to a particular set of people, for example, when a person believes that people who live urban environments are rude. This belief will make the person think that every rude person they meet, lives in the city, rather than a rural area.
Therefore, in the scenario given above, where people assume there exists a relationship between violence and mental illnesses, when in fact, there is none, we say it is an Illusory Correlation.
D. Calculating how much income was paid in the previous year
Answer:
Stan's behavior demonstrates time inconsistency.
Explanation:
In Economics, time inconsistency is the change that occurs in a person's preferences over time. That change leads the person to reach a different evaluation when it comes to the costs and the benefits of a decision. In Stan's case, he seems to be prioritizing his time. He even complains that he never has enough time to finish all his homework. We can assume, from his complaint, that he wishes he had the time. Yet, at this very moment, he has chosen to watch three movies instead of doing his assignments. His current decision is inconsistent with what seems to be his preference. Clearly, he believes the benefits of watching the movies to be higher than the costs of not doing his homework. At this moment, therefore, there is an inconsistency between his preferences.
