The answer is: flashback.
Flashback is a transition to an earlier time in the story, interrupting the chronological order of events. It is commonly used to show a scene that explains the current events by giving the viewer additional information about the characters' past. In the excerpt about the movie I Am Legend, we have a flashback to the moment when the zombie apocalypse began.
Dramatic irony is related to a situation in which the viewers know and understand something that the characters themselves don't. A usual example is when the viewers know the police officer is talking to the killer while the police officer him/herself does not know it.
Foreshadowing is a technique in which a piece of information is given to the audience that will later on unfold into something more important, even though it seemed trivial in the beginning.
Special effects are well known. They create an illusion and may be done by diverse means. Nowadays, computer graphics are probably responsible for most of the special effects we see, along with makeup and props.
Two types of grammatical errors that nonnative speakers of English tend to make are:
- Substitution of a simple form of a verb for all tenses
English can be hard to learn as a second language, specially when it comes to learning irregular verb forms for all tenses. For example, the verb <em>drink</em> changes in all tenses: <em>drank</em> (past simple) and<em> drunk</em> (past participle).
As a consequence, nonnative speakers tend to use the simplest form of the verb, as in: <em><u>Yesterday</u></em><em> I </em><em><u>drink</u></em><em> orange juice for breakfast*. </em>Here, drink was used instead of drank, which is the correct form of the verb for the past simple tense.
2. Omision of an article
Since virtually every rule for the use of articles in English has many exceptions or subrules, and the interactions that occur when two or more rules apply can be very difficult to predict, nonnative also tend to omit articles <em>a/an</em> or <em>the</em> as in <em>I threw ball*</em> . Here, for instance, it is important to learn about countability, that is, if the noun phrase following the article is countable or not. <u>Ball</u> is the noun phrase in the given example and it is strongly countable in this context. Therefore, the correct use would be <em>I threw the ball.</em>
- Regarding the use of ain't in place of other contracted forms when speaking English as a second language, it is a less common grammatical error since it is <u>informal</u> English.
- While substitution of one part of speech for another can occur, this is not the most common grammatical error made by nonnative English speakers.
Answer:
Esperanza experiences shame and embarrassment, like the nun that makes her feel ashamed about where she lives when she wants to eat at school. She was also embarrassed about her shoes at the party. When Esperanza has her first job, she is embarrassed because she doesn't know whether to stand up or sit down, and she eats her lunch in the bathroom.
Explanation:
Esperanza's shame is self-imposed. People do not try to make Esperanza feel bad. Even with the nun, Esperanza gets herself out of shame once she gets to the canteen. To succeed, Esperanza must overcome society's obstacles and also her own feelings of shame.
