An example of discrimination that exists today is harrasment. harrasment is such as, inappropriate jokes, name calling or displays like posters or cartoons directed at a person because of their race, colour, sex or gender, sexual orientation etc.
The ratio is 1:8,
simply say that 7:52 is the incorrect part of the table, and multiply each side of the ratio by whatever number is in the hour part of the table. Comment if you still don't get it.
The excerpt mentions central government and the states but does not speak (except by mentioning) of executive branch or amendments, so we reject options 2) and 4).
Among options 1 and 3: 3 speaks of central government having the power over the states, which is the opposite of what the text says: it stresses how much power should stay with the states.
So the correct option is 1)
