When building some infrastructure, in this case a railway, that is close to a mountain slope, it is necessary to cover the mountain slope with a wire mesh.
The biggest reason for that is the safety.
The steep mountain slopes can be very dangerous, because the rocks undergo the natural processes of weathering and erosion, which causes the rocks to break up and fall downwards. The railway can be locked in that way because there will be rocks on it, so the trains will not be able to pass further. But what is more concerning is that rocks may start falling directly on the train itself, or on the railway but when the train is passing through, and can cause a tragedy. The train may get pushed of the railway, or the rocks may knock it down or get through the windows, so lot of lives can be lost, as well as lot of damage will be done too.
Western Europe has advanced communications and transportation systems. A city in Western Europe is London.
If you're referring to streams/rivers of water that run independently of another source in the ocean these are referred to as "currents" and can be very powerful depending on their location.
Because the orbital period and rotational period are the exact same.
Answer:
To calculate the RNI, demographers subtract the death rate (number of deaths per 1,000 people/year) from the birth rate (number of birth per 1,000 people/year) and convert the answer to a percentage.
Equation for Rate of Natural Increase (RNI):
(BirthRate/1,000) – (DeathRate/1000) = (BR-DR)/1000 = RNI %
Hope it helps!