"The lithosphere is subdivided into tectonic plates. The upper part of the lithosphere which chemically reacts to the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere through the soil forming process is called the pedosphere. The lithosphere is underlain by the athenosphere which is the weaker, hotter, deeper part of the upper mantle."
It is clear that from 2006 to 2012, the average insolation reflected by the Greenland ice sheets is decreasing. This indicates that each year, the amount of solar radiation that the ice sheets are able to reflect is decreasing. The level of insolation reflected is dependent on the area of ice sheets capable of reflecting the solar energy. Since the insolation reflected has decreased, this may mean that the area of the ice sheets has decreased as well.
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Physioeconomically, the Russian Federation may be conveniently divided into 9 major regions: the Central European Region, the North and Northwest European Region, the Volga Region, the North Caucasus, the Ural Region, Western Siberia, Eastern Siberia, Northern and Northwestern Siberia, and the Russian Far East.
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