A trisomy is a chromosomal condition characterized by an additional chromosome. A person with a trisomy has 47 chromosomes instead of 46.
Trisomy means the presence of an extra chromosome in some or all of the body's cells. This results in a total of three copies of that chromosome instead of the normal two copies. For example, Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two copies.
This genetic condition is the result of a genetic mutation where your cells don't divide as they should. You can't prevent this abnormality from happening during cell division.
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<u><em>The nitrogenous base</em></u> is the central information carrying part of the nucleotide structure. These molecules, which have different exposed functional groups, have differing abilities to interact with each other.
<u><em>The second portion of the nucleotide is the sugar.</em></u> Regardless of the nucleotide, the sugar is always the same. The difference is between DNA and RNA. In DNA, the 5-carbon sugar is deoxyribose, while in RNA, the 5-carbon sugar is ribose. This gives genetic molecules their names; the full name of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, and RNA is ribonucleic acid.
<u><em>The last part of nucleotide structure, the phosphate group</em></u>, is probably familiar from another important molecule ATP. Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the energy molecule that most life on Earth relies upon to store and transfer energy between reactions. ATP contains three phosphate groups, which can store a lot of energy in their bonds. Unlike ATP, the bonds formed within a nucleotide are known as phosphodiester bonds, because they happen between the phosphate group and the sugar molecule.
The statement which best explains how the redox component of this reaction contributes to the reaction's ability to be reversible under cellular conditions is; <em>Choice D: The change in the biochemical standard reduction potential is small.</em>
Discussion:
A reversible process is one in which the system and environment can be restored to exactly the same initial states that they were in prior to when the process occurred, if we go backward along the path of the process.
- However, the necessary condition for a reversible process is therefore the quasi-static requirement.
- The quasi-static requirement in this case is that the change in the biochemical standard reduction potential is small.
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